CO2 Gasification Reactivity and Kinetics Studies of Raw Coal, Super Clean Coal and Residual Coals obtained after Organo-refining (Solvent Extraction)
Abstract
Gasification of coal is important for the generation of H2. This is also good for Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle(IGCC) power generation which can be easily and relatively cheaply combined with CO2 concentration, storage and utilizationsystems. Solvent extraction of coal in organic solvents results in the production of super clean coal, mostly having less than1% ash. The present paper reports the effect of solvent extraction (organo-refining) of Samla coal by using an industrialsolvent, such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), a coal derived solvent, such as, anthracene oil (AO) and a petroleum derivedsolvent, i.e. cetene (CE), on the CO2 gasification of coal. Different solvents had different effects on the CO2 gasification ofsuper clean coal (SCC) or of residual coal (RC) obtained after the organo-refining of coals in different solvents. The CO2gasification reactivity of raw coal as well as of solvent treated coals was found to increase with increase in the temperature ofthe gasification from 900 to 1100C. The treatment of coal with solvents has been found to affect the CO2 gasification reactivity.Super clean coals obtained from the organo-refining in the cetene and NMP showed good CO2 gasification reactivity. Residualcoals obtained from the organo-refining in NMP and CE also showed good CO2 gasification reactivity. Kinetics studies haverevealed that the activation energies of CO2 gasification reactions are reduced as a result of organo-refining of coal in differentsolvents. While organo-refining of coals in NMP and if possible in CE as well may help in obviating some of the majorengineering problems in IGCC power generation, this integration may not be economically attractive at present. Future IGCCpower generation may involve the use of CO2 and O2 as the gasifying medium.References
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under atmospheric pressure conditions, Energy and Fuels 3 (1989)
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for scaling up, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research
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gasification with co 2, h 2 and steam, Fuel 73 (3) (1994) 413–416.
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analytical and applied pyrolysis 73 (2) (2005) 263–275.
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from the co-cracking of ternary and quaternary mixture of petroleum
vacuum residue, polypropylene, samla coal and calotropis procera,
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from the co-cracking petroleum vacuum residue with coal and
biomass, Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 81 (1) (2008) 37–44.
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pyrrolidone (nmp), ethylenediamine (eda), and nmp+ eda (1: 1, vol/vol)
mixed solvent system in chinakuri coal by solvent swelling techniques,
Energy & fuels 15 (5) (2001) 1063–1068.
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nanotubes from coal based material, Energy Sources, Part A 29
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[2] A. Sharma, T. Takanohashi, K. Morishita, T. Takarada, I. Saito, Low
temperature catalytic steam gasification of hypercoal to produce h 2
and synthesis gas, Fuel 87 (4) (2008) 491–497.
[3] J. A. Gerstner, J. W. Zondlo, Gasification kinetics of residual coal produced
from solvent extraction with n-methylpyrrolidone, Fuel science
& technology international 10 (3) (1992) 335–346.
[4] D. K. Sharma, S. K. Singh, S. K. Mathew, The steam gasification
of coal under milder low temperature conditions—nonisothermal
kinetics studies for reactor design, Energy Sources, Part A:
Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects 33 (2) (2010)
171–181. arXiv:http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15567030902882935,
doi:10.1080/15567030902882935.
URL http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15567030902882935
[5] D. Sharma, Enhancing the steam gasification reactivity of coal by
boosting the factors affecting the gasification reactions in the stepwise
coal conversion, Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and
Environmental Effects 32 (18) (2010) 1727–1736.
[6] D. Sharma, Modeling the steam gasification reactions for reactor design,
Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental
Effects 33 (1) (2010) 57–71.
[7] Accessed on 22/02/2016. [link].
URL https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_
gasification_combined_cycle
[8] D. K. Sharma, Cleaner coal technologies—concept of coal refineries
for added value and efficient use of coal, Ind. Chem. Engr 50 (2008)
155–168.
[9] Accessed on 22/02/2016. [link].
URL https://www.usea.org/sites/default/files/082013
_Recent%20operating%20experience%20and%20improvement
%20of%20commercial%20IGCC_ccc222.pdf
[10] Accessed on 22/02/2016. [link].
URL http://www.nedo.go.jp/content/100580318.pdf
[11] Accessed on 22/02/2016. [link].
URL http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/
Integrated_Gasification_Combined_Cycle_(IGCC)
[12] C. Giri, Studies on development of a process for solvent deashing of
coal to obtain environmentally clean fuels and characterization of products,
Ph.D. thesis, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, New Delhi, India
(1995).
[13] S. Bhatia, Studies on bio-refining of fossil fuels (lignite,coal and
petroleum oil), Ph.D. thesis, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, New
Delhi, India (2007).
[14] S. Gangwal, R. Gupta, W. McMichael, Hot-gas cleanup—sulfur recovery
technical, environmental, and economic issues, Heat recovery systems
and CHP 15 (2) (1995) 205–214.
[15] N.-K. Park, D.-H. Lee, J. H. Jun, J. D. Lee, S. O. Ryu, T. J. Lee, J.-C.
Kim, C. H. Chang, Two-stage desulfurization process for hot gas ultra
cleanup in igcc, Fuel 85 (2) (2006) 227–234.
[16] E. Furimsky, Catalytic effect of mineral matter of high ash onakawana
lignite on steam gasification, The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering
64 (2) (1986) 293–298.
[17] D. K. Sharma, N. K. Sandle, S. K. Singh, M. Venugopal, Solvolytic
extraction and pyrolysis pretreatment for steam gasification of assam
coal at atmospheric pressure, Journal of mines, metals and fuels 39 (3)
(1991) 60–66.
[18] N. Okuyama, N. Komatsu, T. Shigehisa, T. Kaneko, S. Tsuruya, Hypercoal
process to produce the ash-free coal, Fuel Processing Technology
85 (8) (2004) 947–967.
[19] T. Yoshida, T. Takanohashi, K. Sakanishi, I. Saito, M. Fujita,
K. Mashimo, The effect of extraction condition on ‘hypercoal’production
(1)—under room-temperature filtration, Fuel 81 (11) (2002) 1463–
1469.
[20] T. Takanohashi, T. Shishido, H. Kawashima, I. Saito, Characterisation
of hypercoals from coals of various ranks, Fuel 87 (4) (2008) 592–598.
[21] R. Ashida, K. Nakgawa, M. Oga, H. Nakagawa, K. Miura, Fractionation
of coal by use of high temperature solvent extraction technique and
characterization of the fractions, Fuel 87 (4) (2008) 576–582.
[22] S. Pande, D. Sharma, Ethylenediamine-assisted solvent extraction of
coal in n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone: Synergistic effect of ethylenediamine
on extraction of coal in n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, Energy & fuels 16 (1)
(2002) 194–204.
[23] K. C. Vimal, P. Banerjee, D. Sharma, Process flow sheet for pretreatment
of high ash coal to produce clean coal, uS Patent App.
14/344,210 (Sep. 4 2012).
[24] M. F. Irfan, M. R. Usman, K. Kusakabe, Coal gasification in co 2 atmosphere
and its kinetics since 1948: a brief review, Energy 36 (1) (2011)
12–40.
[25] W. Huo, Z. Zhou, X. Chen, Z. Dai, G. Yu, Study on co 2 gasification
reactivity and physical characteristics of biomass, petroleum coke and
coal chars, Bioresource technology 159 (2014) 143–149.
[26] K. Jayaraman, I. Gokalp, Effect of char generation method on steam,
CO2 and blended mixture gasification of high ash Turkish coals, Fuel
153 (2015) 320 – 327. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2015.01.065.
[27] Z. Yang, L. Zhang, J. Peng, M. Guo, Gasification of inferior coal with
high ash content under co2 and o2/h2o atmospheres, International
Journal of Green Energy 12 (10) (2015) 1046–1053.
[28] J. Kopyscinski, R. Habibi, C. A. Mims, J. M. Hill, K2co3-catalyzed
co2 gasification of ash-free coal: kinetic study, Energy & Fuels 27 (8)
(2013) 4875–4883.
[29] D. Fan, Z. Zhu, Y. Na, Q. Lu, Thermogravimetric analysis of gasification
reactivity of coal chars with steam and co2 at moderate temperatures,
Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 113 (2) (2013) 599–607.
[30] S. Saha, G. Sahu, S. Dutta, P. Chavan, B. K. Sharma, T. Sharma,
Studies on co2 gasification activity of high ash indian coal, International
Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering
3 (3) (2013) 29–33.
[31] D. K. Sharma, S. K. Singh, Multisolvent successive extractive refining
of coal, Energy sources 18 (1) (1996) 1–19.
[32] D. K. Sharma, S. Mishra, Successive extractive disintegration of coal
under atmospheric pressure conditions, Energy and Fuels 3 (1989)
641–647.
[33] A. Molina, F. Mondragon, Reactivity of coal gasification with steam and
co 2, Fuel 77 (15) (1998) 1831–1839.
[34] S. Lee, Handbook of Alternative Fuel Technologies, CRC Press, New
York, 2007, Ch. Gasification of coal.
[35] B. Bayarsaikhan, J.-i. Hayashi, T. Shimada, C. Sathe, C.-Z. Li, A. Tsutsumi,
T. Chiba, Kinetics of steam gasification of nascent char from
rapid pyrolysis of a victorian brown coal, Fuel 84 (12) (2005) 1612–
1621.
[36] J. Corella, J. M. Toledo, G. Molina, Steam gasification of coal at lowmedium
(600-800 c) temperature with simultaneous co2 capture in
a bubbling fluidized bed at atmospheric pressure. 2. results and recommendations
for scaling up, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research
47 (6) (2008) 1798–1811.
[37] D. Fung, S. D. Kim, Gasification kinetics of coals and wood, Korean
Journal of Chemical Engineering 7 (2) (1990) 109–114.
[38] J. Johnson, Chemistry of Coal Utilization, Wiley - Interscience, N.Y.,
USA, 1981, Ch. Fundamentals of Gasification.
[39] S. Kajitani, S. Hara, H. Matsuda, Gasification rate analysis of coal char
with a pressurized drop tube furnace, Fuel 81 (5) (2002) 539–546.
[40] K. Miura, K. Hashimoto, P. L. Silveston, Factors affecting the reactivity
of coal chars during gasification, and indices representing reactivity,
Fuel 68 (11) (1989) 1461–1475.
[41] G.-s. Liu, A. Tate, G. Bryant, T. Wall, Mathematical modeling of coal
char reactivity with co2 at high pressures and temperatures, Fuel
79 (10) (2000) 1145–1154.
[42] R. C. Everson, H. W. Neomagus, H. Kasaini, D. Njapha, Reaction
kinetics of pulverized coal-chars derived from inertinite-rich coal discards:
gasification with carbon dioxide and steam, Fuel 85 (7) (2006)
1076–1082.
[43] K. H. Van Heek, H.-J. Mühlen, H. Jüntgen, Progress in the kinetics of
coal and char gasification, Chemical engineering & technology 10 (1)
(1987) 411–419.
[44] K. Osafune, H. Marsh, Gasification kinetics of coal chars in carbon
dioxide, Fuel 67 (3) (1988) 384–388.
[45] L. Shufen, S. Ruizheng, Kinetic studies of a lignite char pressurized
gasification with co 2, h 2 and steam, Fuel 73 (3) (1994) 413–416.
[46] D. Ye, J. Agnew, D. Zhang, Gasification of a south australian low-rank
coal with carbon dioxide and steam: kinetics and reactivity studies,
Fuel 77 (11) (1998) 1209–1219.
[47] J. H. Zou, Z. J. Zhou, F. C. Wang, W. Zhang, Z. H. Dai, H. F. Liu, Z. H.
Yu, Modeling reaction kinetics of petroleum coke gasification with co 2,
Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification 46 (7)
(2007) 630–636.
[48] T. Lee, S. Beck, A new integral approximation formula for kinetic analysis
of nonisothermal tga data, AIChE journal 30 (3) (1984) 517–519.
[49] M. Ahmaruzzaman, D. Sharma, Non-isothermal kinetic studies on coprocessing
of vacuum residue, plastics, coal and petrocrop, Journal of
analytical and applied pyrolysis 73 (2) (2005) 263–275.
[50] M. Ahmaruzzaman, D. Sharma, Kinetic studies on cocracking of
petroleum vacuum residue with thermoplastics and biomass (petrocrop),
Petroleum Science and Technology 25 (7) (2007) 925–936.
[51] M. Ahmaruzzaman, D. Sharma, Characterization of liquid products
from the co-cracking of ternary and quaternary mixture of petroleum
vacuum residue, polypropylene, samla coal and calotropis procera,
Fuel 87 (10) (2008) 1967–1973.
[52] M. Ahmaruzzaman, D. Sharma, Characterization of liquid products
from the co-cracking petroleum vacuum residue with coal and
biomass, Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 81 (1) (2008) 37–44.
[53] S. Porada, G. Czerski, T. Dziok, P. Grzywacz, D. Makowska, et al.,
Comparison of steam gasification kinetics of coal and its char, Przemysl
Chemiczny 93 (12) (2014) 2059–2063.
[54] M. Tomaszewicz, G. Łabojko, G. Tomaszewicz, M. Kotyczka-
Mora´nska, The kinetics of co2 gasification of coal chars, Journal of
thermal analysis and calorimetry 113 (3) (2013) 1327–1335.
[55] S. Pande, D. Sharma, Studies of kinetics of diffusion of n-methyl-2-
pyrrolidone (nmp), ethylenediamine (eda), and nmp+ eda (1: 1, vol/vol)
mixed solvent system in chinakuri coal by solvent swelling techniques,
Energy & fuels 15 (5) (2001) 1063–1068.
[56] R. B. Mathur, C. Lal, D. K. Sharma, Development of catalyst free carbon
nanotubes from coal based material, Energy Sources, Part A 29
(2007) 21–27.
[57] V. Choudhary, A. Panwar, P. Garg, B. Singh, R. Mathur, et al., Effect
of commercial and synthesized multiwalled carbon nanotubes on the
electrical and thermal properties of polystyrene, in: Abstracts Of Papers
Of The American Chemical Society, Vol. 242, American Chemical
Society, 2011, pp. 1–4.
Published
2016-10-29
How to Cite
SHARMA, Durlubh Kumar; GIRI, C.C..
CO2 Gasification Reactivity and Kinetics Studies of Raw Coal, Super Clean Coal and Residual Coals obtained after Organo-refining (Solvent Extraction).
Journal of Power Technologies, [S.l.], v. 96, n. 3, p. 157--169, oct. 2016.
ISSN 2083-4195.
Available at: <https://papers.itc.pw.edu.pl/index.php/JPT/article/view/773>. Date accessed: 22 dec. 2024.
Issue
Section
Combustion and Fuel Processing
Keywords
CO2 gasification, organo-refining, NMP, anthracene oil, cetene, active surface area, catalysts, mineral matter, diffusion controlled kinetics
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