TY - JOUR AU - Skrzypkiewicz, Marek AU - Obrębowski, Szymon PY - 2017/08/25 TI - Direct carbon, integrated gasification, and deposited carbon solid oxide fuel cells: a patent-based review of technological status JF - Journal of Power Technologies; Vol 98 No 1 (2018) KW - Direct Carbon Fuel Cell, DC-SOFC, DCFC, IG-SOFC, Clean Coal Technologies N2 - This review presents three directions in solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) technology development involving solid-state carbon in some stage of the fuel-to-electricity conversion process: direct carbon (DC-SOFC), integrated gasification (IG-SOFC) and deposited carbon (rechargeable SOFC). Recent achievements of science and technology were studied in order to identify the most widely developed concepts. In addition, the review contains a statistical approach to published patents and articles, naming the people and institutions active in the field. Simultaneous development of all three technologies could bring synergies and contributed to a major breakthrough in the efficiency of coal-fired power plants. UR - https://papers.itc.pw.edu.pl/index.php/JPT/article/view/941